203 papers
This paper proposes a multi-region discrete-time chain binomial model that integrates local transmission, inter-regional movement, and sociodemographic factors to estimate and forecast infectious disease dynamics across connected spatial units.
This study of 108 Malaysian colorectal cancer patients reveals that while *Clostridioides difficile* is frequently present in tumor tissues at low abundance, its detection is significantly associated with biofilm-positive tumors and distinct microbial community characteristics.
A retrospective analysis of digital health app data reveals that menstruation significantly increases the frequency of symptom crashes and severity in Long COVID and ME/CFS, while combined hormonal contraception is associated with reduced symptom burden, suggesting a modulatory role of ovarian hormones in these conditions.
This longitudinal study in Eastern Uganda utilized quantitative PCR parasite density distributions to estimate the malaria attributable fraction (MAF), revealing that common parasite density thresholds significantly underestimate the true incidence of clinical malaria across all age groups, particularly in adults, and suggesting that future intervention studies should incorporate MAF corrections for more accurate outcome assessment.
This study externally validated and updated a prediction score for community-acquired Legionnaires' disease using data from 20 Swiss hospitals, resulting in a simplified "SwissLEGIO" tool that maintains high sensitivity while improving specificity to potentially reduce unnecessary microbiological testing in hospitalized pneumonia patients.
This prospective diagnostic accuracy study validates a novel nanopore metagenomic sequencing workflow for detecting viral respiratory pathogens in nasopharyngeal swabs, demonstrating high specificity (99.8%) but limited sensitivity (51%) against routine PCR due to high host biomass, thereby highlighting the need for optimized use cases and rigorous bioinformatic thresholds to maximize clinical utility.
The LP.8.1 variant-containing mRNA vaccines (mRNA-1273.251 and mRNA-1283.251) were well tolerated and elicited robust neutralizing antibody responses against the matched LP.8.1 variant and circulating SARS-CoV-2 subvariants in individuals aged 12 and older.
The establishment of permanent, locally embedded diagnostic laboratories in Forest Guinea significantly enhanced the detection, surveillance, and response capabilities for viral hemorrhagic fevers, including Ebola, Marburg, and Lassa fever, while providing critical epidemiological insights into previously underreported outbreaks.
This study utilizing data from over 11,000 participants reveals that SARS-CoV-2 infection is significantly associated with impaired multidimensional sleep health, with the most severe and persistent declines observed in individuals experiencing post-acute sequelae (PASC) lasting up to 12 months post-infection.
Using a controlled human infection model, this study demonstrates that early acute gonorrhea triggers a strong, localized mucosal inflammatory response characterized by elevated cytokines in urine that correlate with pyuria, while systemic immune markers in the blood remain largely unchanged.
In a prospective study conducted in near-elimination settings in Pemba, Tanzania, an AI-assisted microscopy scanner demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy among six evaluated single-sample tests for *Schistosoma haematobium*, offering a promising alternative to standard urine filtration microscopy which, while improved by multi-day sampling, remains operationally challenging.
This study introduces PvAmpSeq, a high-resolution amplicon deep sequencing assay, to distinguish between relapse, reinfection, and recrudescence in recurrent *Plasmodium vivax* infections, revealing that approximately half of the recurrences in Solomon Islands and Peru were genetically related to baseline infections while highlighting the nuances and limitations of current statistical classification methods.
This study presents and evaluates a Bayesian semi-mechanistic model for forecasting COVID-19 hospital admissions in the United States, demonstrating that while incorporating wastewater data yields overall performance similar to models using only clinical data, its impact varies significantly across locations and time periods, highlighting both the potential and challenges of wastewater-based epidemiology in infectious disease forecasting.
This prospective cohort study in South Africa demonstrates that in-home molecular testing using tongue swabs, including pooled specimens, enables near-universal screening of asymptomatic tuberculosis household contacts and facilitates rapid linkage to care, offering a scalable alternative to traditional clinic-based sputum testing despite a predictable sensitivity trade-off associated with lower bacterial loads.
This qualitative study of 18 women who self-reported recovery from long COVID through mind-body approaches reveals a common trajectory shifting from biomedical models to nervous system-focused understanding, characterized by non-linear, self-directed iterative processes often navigated without formal clinical support.
A 2025 study in Chattogram, Bangladesh, revealed that Dengue serotypes 2 and 3 were the predominant strains among 223 RT-PCR confirmed cases, frequently occurring in isolation or as co-infections, while serotypes 1 and 4 were rare, highlighting the need for public health strategies to address this shifting serotype landscape.
This longitudinal study reveals that cross-reactive, non-neutralizing antibodies capable of mediating ADCC against the novel H1N1pdm09 influenza virus are present across all age groups, increase in adolescents over time, and can be significantly boosted by infection or vaccination, suggesting their potential as an immediate protective strategy against emerging viral strains.
By integrating high-resolution surveillance data with a Bayesian transmission model, this study demonstrates that delayed introduction timing and regional variations in contact levels drove the unusual spatial asynchrony observed during South Korea's 2024–2025 pertussis outbreak, challenging classical epidemic theories that predict large-scale synchrony.
This study demonstrates that Support Vector Classifier and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis models, trained on clinical symptom data, achieve high accuracy (97.7%) and robust discriminatory power in detecting Mpox, with skin rash identified as the most predictive feature.
This retrospective study of 1,198 pediatric patients in Germany (2016–2024) reveals that bacterial meningitis is now rare compared to viral and unresolved cases, highlighting the utility of the UK-ChiMES clinical prediction score in guiding diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in the era of multiplex PCR diagnostics.